Old Testament 1
Lesson Eleven: King David 

His Background:
•	The eighth and youngest son of Jesse, of the tribe of Judah. 
•	Jesse was the grandson of Boaz and Ruth.
•	David was born at Bethlehem, six miles south of Jerusalem. 
•	He was born about 1080 BC.
•	David's job as a boy was being a shepherd.
•	He became known for his skill as a shepherd boy and a musician with a harp.
•	As he grew up he became a man of God: bold, patient, talented and skilled in war.
•	He was a great King, a great warrior, a great poet and a great religious reformer.

The Anointing of David:
•	When Saul was rejected by God, Samuel was given instructions how to anoint 	another one to take his place. 
•	He was to go anoint a son of Jesse. 
•	Jesse brought his sons before him and God refused each. 
•	David, the eighth and youngest, had been left to care for the family sheep.
•	Samuel insisted that he is brought and God showed him that this was the one.
•	As Jesse and the other seven sons watched, Samuel then anointed David to be 	Israel's second King. 
•	David was probably about fifteen years of age, at that time.
•	David was not only anointed by oil, but also the Holy Spirit anointed him. 
•	The Spirit of the Lord came upon David from that day forward (I Samuel 16:13).

Goliath:
•	David's well-known victory over Goliath took place in the valley of Elah 
•	Goliath came forth as the champion of the Philistines. 
•	He challenged the Israelites to send forth their champion
•	The practice of letting a single champion on each side settle the issue, was common 	in ancient days.
•	Goliath was a member of the Anakim race of giants. 
•	He was about nine and one half feet tall and wore a coat of mail weighing 157 	pounds. For forty days he challenged Israel. 
•	On the fortieth day, David heard his challenging words.
•	He had come to visit his three oldest brothers and to bring them food. When he 	heard the insulting words of Goliath, he was astonished and asked if he could fight 	Goliath
•	Saul tried to have David wear his armor. 
•	David laid this to one side and picked up his familiar staff and sling and with five 	smooth stones from the brook, went forth to meet the Philistine. 
•	One stone was all that David needed. It struck Goliath on his forehead. 
•	He fell stunned, to the ground, and David quickly killed him, cutting off his head, 	with his own sword.

Saul's Jealousy of David:
•	In the beginning Saul was fond of David, but became very jealous of David 	following the slaying of Goliath.
•	After the victory over the Philistines, the women came out of the cities, singing and 	dancing to meet King Saul but their song made Saul very angry. 
•	Saul's jealousy of David was aroused and from that day he sought to kill him on 	every occasion. 
•	Saul made at least five attempts to kill David.
•	Finally David had to flee for his life and became a fugitive.

Jonathon:
•	David won the friendship and love of Jonathon. 
•	Jonathon was Saul's son  
•	It was a friendship of the warmest kind, and also pure. 
•	Jonathon did all he could to soften Saul's jealousy of David and tried to dissuade 	Saul from his murderous plot to kill David.
•	When he failed, he entered into a covenant with David to protect him and to inform 	him of Saul's secret movements.
•	Jonathon asked nothing of him except that he would be kind to all his kindred 	when he should come into his kingdom.

David's Life as A Fugitive:
•	When David fled from Saul he became a fugitive hunted by the King.  
•	He returned to his homeland and took up residence in a cave where he began 	gathering a protective force of men.
•	Four hundred men responded. 
•	The Ziphites told Saul of David's hiding place and Saul came and for a second 	time, David spared his life. 
•	David went to where Saul slept under the guard of Abner and the army.
•	David took away Saul's own spear and jug of water. 
•	The next day, Saul shown the articles by David, repented and promised not to 	pursue David any longer.
•	Upon the death of Saul, the outlaw life of David came to an end

King of Judah:
•	When Saul was killed, the people of Judah anointed David king. 
•	This was quite logical for David was well known in Judah. 
•	Many of his men came from Judah and he had been their champion for many years.
•	There were familiar with his ability and leadership, warfare, and were glad to make 	him King, one in whom they could place confidence. 
•	David was crowned King of Judah at Hebron in the year 1014 BC. 
•	David ruled over Judah for seven and one half years.

King of Israel:
•	After the death of King Saul, Abner, captain of the hosts, encouraged Saul's son, 	Ishbosheth to accept the kingship and he was crowned King of the northern and 	eastern tribes. 
•	Civil war between Israel and Judah resulted, and Judah always prevailed.
•	Finally, Abner deserted Ishbosheth and joined himself unto David, but Joab 	murdered him. 
•	Soon after this Ishbosheth was murdered by two of his servants, and then David 	was anointed King over Israel too.
•	 The civil war came to an end and David became King over the United Kingdom.
•	He ruled for thirty-three years over Israel making a total reign of forty and one half 	years.

LESSON ELEVEN
SELF HELP TEST
SELF HELP TEST 
A. Describe the size and strength of Goliath.

B. Write a character sketch of Jonathon.

C. Fill in the blanks:
1. David was the ____________ of Jesse.
2. Samuel's headquarters was at ____________.
3. David was ____________ years of age when he was anointed.
4. David's victory over Goliath took place in the valley of ____________.
5. After Nabal's death, David married ____________.
6. David reigned for a total of ____________ years.